Pbocess of forming composite lttjbicauts



Patented. Dec. l 1023. i

entire, Mm Parana coerc PROCESS OF FORMING COMPOSITE LUBRICANTS.

"K Drawing. I Application filed July 11, 1922. Serial No. 574,292.

To all whom it may concern: portion ofthe acids and aldehydes is dis- Be it known that I, DEMPSEY KEMP DODGE, tilled off. The volume thus distilled off a citizen of the United States, residing at may be from 4% to 10% of the mass and Houston, Harris County, Texas, have inwith the grade of oil stated will be about 5 vented a certain new and useful Improve- 6.5% of the Whole. co

ment in Processes of Forming Composite The residue of this distillation is sli htly Lubricants, of which the following is a full, gummy and of light viscosity. It is tiereclear, and exact description, such as will fore further treated by heating and blowing enable others, skilled in the art to which it with air until the desired viscosity is obappertains to make and use the same. tained and the gumminess not greatly in- 853 My invention relates to the manufacture creased. Heating the mass or both the mass of composite lubricating oils which are parand the air to between 75 to 150 C. accelticularly suited for use in internal combuscrates the operation but is not absolutely tion engines and on the bearings and other necessary. It is found that when thus blown movable parts of machinery. It contemwith air the gumminess of the mass will in- '70 plates the treating and mixing of castor oil crease very slowly for a period depending with mineral oils in such manner as to obupon the quantity of air, the temperature, tain lubricants of the desired qualities. and the volume of oil treated. \Vhen the An object of the invention is to obtain a point of rapid increase in gumminess has {lubricant of superior lubricating quality been reached, a further blowing will cause 75 and heavy viscoslty. excessive gumminess of the oil. The acid Another object is tocombine the lubricatnumber has been found to decrease with this ing qualities of castor oil with those of minprocess. The time of treatment to obtain eral oils and thus cheapen the cost of manuthe slight gumminess and desired viscosity facture and at thesame time obtain a better will vary with the apparatus, the temperae0 lubricating oil. ture and the amount of oil, and can be easily In the production of the best grades of determined by test with any particular inhigh viscosity petroleum lubricants a large stallation. Using the medicinal grade of oil amount of filtering and treatment is necesmentioned, the viscosity of the mass was sary. For-this reason the cost of manufacfound to increase from 715" at 100 Fahrenture of such grades of lubricating oil is. heit Saybolt universal viscosimeter to around much greater than that of the lighter un-, 3500 at 100 degrees Fahrenheit by the same filtered, and less valuable grades. I have method before the mass began to show a conceived the idea of mixing with the lighter marked tendency to increase in gumminess.

grades of lubricants, obtained from mineral This heavy grade of oil is easily miscible oil, a small percentage of castor oil of heavy with mineral oil and I contemplate using a viscosity and thus securing resulting heavy light, and hence cheap grade of mineral oil lubricants of superior lubricating qualities lubricant and mixing it with a small perat a lower cost. centage of this heavy castor oil product and 4c The process of treating the ingredients thus obtaining a lubricant of the required of my improved lubricant is not difiicult viscosity. The various grades of medium, but various elements in the same will vary heavy, and extra heavy lubricating oil may slightly depending on the quality of the 'oil be thus obtained by mixing with the light and on the kind of apparatus employed. grades an amount of the heavy castor oil 45 I may use a grade of castor oil refined to sufiicient to'produce the desired consistency. 0 about the extent of the common product sold This compounded lubricant is preferably for medicinal purposes. Such oil contains made homogeneous by mixing when the mass a certain amount of acids and aldehydes and is heated to from 50 to 150 C. When cool is not miscible with mineral oils, at least not, the product is ready for-use, and will not so without the inclusion of some third oil or separate on standing. 5 in edient or further treatment. The advantages of my improved lubricant his ade of commercial castor oil is will be'obvious to one skilled in the art. The first Sub ected to treatment in a still under a lubricant of desired viscosity can be obtemperature of from 280 to 325 centigrade tained cheaply and the degree of viscosity as at atmospheric pressure until a definite p'rodesired can be produced by the simple step of mixing the heavy castor oil product with the cheaper light grades of mineral lubricant in the desired proportions. Grades heavier than those obtainable from pure mineral oils can be produced and the resulting product may be almost colorless. There will be no appreciable tendenc to m or form carbon as may occur with certam heavy lubricants including pure castor oil or lubricants produced by other means. Thev product is cheap, easily produced and of superior qualities.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patentis:

1., The process of obtaining a composite lubricant comprising distilling acids and aldehydes 'ofi' from castor oil to eliminate about 6.5% of the whole mass, blowing the resulting .product heated to a temperature of from 75 to 150 centigrade with air until the gumminess begins to show a rapid increase with the viscosity greatly increased, and mixing the resulting product with light viscosity mineral lubricating oil in quantities suflicient to obtain'a lubricant of desired viscosity.

2. The process of obtaining a composite lubricant, comprising heating medicinal cas tor oil in a still at atmospheric pressure until a proximately 6.5% of the acids and aldehy es have been driven ofl", forcing air through the heated residue until the gumminess of the mass begins to increase rapidly, and mixing the heavy resulting product with light grades of mineral oil lubricant in the proportion desired.

3. The process ofobtaining a composite lubricant comprising distilling oif from castor oil the acids and aldehydes to about 6.5% of the mass, blowing the residue with air until a point of rapid increase of gumminess is reached and mixing the resulting product with lighter mineral oil lubricants in the manner set forth.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature this the 7th day of July, A. D.

DEMPSEY KEMP DODGE. 

